Emergency cut-over valve



Marcy 2, 1943.

R. B. CAMPBELL 2,312,686

EMERGENCY CUT- OVER VALVE Filed Sept. 24, 1941 f- 5654 a? 4746 /g 55 5f2@ f 40, 26 /8 68- 4 4.9 4 a@ lll mm U 60 J4 4/42 5 7 62 \\T f /3 F 5 646l 6355 had 63 3] 366 d 6/ G3 60 d 4Z 3 /8 423 55 565554 4,2v

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Patented Mar. 2, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Rodney B. Campbell,North Hollywood, Calif., as-

' signor to John Eley, Jr., Los Angeles, Calif.

2 Claims.

My invention relates to a fluid valve and more,

particularly to a valve device adapted to permit fluid to be supplied toa discharge line from either of two sources.

My invention is of particular utility in hydraulic control systems foraircraft and will be described in connection therewith, although it willbe recognized that my device may be used in usually conveyed to theoperating equipment by an engine driven high-pressure pump, andfrequently the piping conveying the operating iluid from the pump isquite lengthy. As a safety measure, in such hydraulic control systems itis generally required that a manually operable hand pump be included inthe system so that if the high-pressure engine pump breaks down, orifthe piping leading from it to the operating equipment be shot away byenemy action, the equipment may still be operated by the hand pump.Since the hand pump is only normally used in an emergency, valve meansmust be provided which will normally permit a free flow of operatingfluid from the engine driven pump to the operating equipment but whichis operable tov close fluid communication between the engine drivn pumpand the equipment and open fluid communication between the hand pump andsuch equipment. It is a primary object of my invenion to provide such avalve means.

Ahother object of my invention is to provide such a valve means in whichthe valve memberthereof is operated by pressure supplied by the handvpump.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a valve means inwhich fluid communi- Application September 24, 1941, Serial No. 412,117

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic assembly view of the invention installed in ahydraulic control system. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view takenthrough my invention.

Fig. 3 is a view simuarto Fig. 2 but .illustrating a second position ofoperation of the parts.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but illustrat- I ing a third positionof operation of the parts.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, I diagrammatically show a hydraulicsystem-including a high pressure fluid pump I0, the pressure dischargeside of which is connected by piping II with the valve device I2 of myinvention. The valve device I2 is connected by piping I3 with ahydraulic cylinder I4 having a piston I5 therein to which is connected apiston rod I6, as is` well known in the art. Also connected to the valvedevice I2 is an auxiliary supply pipe IB leading from a hand pumpy I9,which in turn is connected by piping 20 with a suitable source ofoperating fluid (not shown). As will be understood, the fluid pump IIIis also connected by piping 2l with a suitable source' of operatingfluid (not shown), which may, if desired, be common to the piping 20.The fluid pump i0, the hydraulic cylinder I4, and the hand pump I9 areall standard equipment well known in the art, andare not described indetail herein, the fluid pump I0 being of any desired constructioncapable of supplying fluid under high pressure through the valve deviceI2 to the hydraulic cylinder I4 to actuate the piston I5 therein, andthe hand pump i9 similarly being of any desired construction and'adaptedto be manually operated by means of ahand lever 22 to similarly supplyoperating iluid under high pressure through the valve device I2 to thehydraulic cylinder I4 as desired, the "operation of the valve device I2being described in detail hereinafter.

The valve device I2, which comprises my present invention, includes atubular housing 24 having a longitudinal bore 26 therethrough which isprovided at one end with a threaded counterbore 26 adapted to receive anexternally threaded inlet plug 21 forming the main inlet of the valvedevice .I2 and being internally threaded to receive the main inlet pipeI I. The other end of the longitudinal bore 25 is provided with acounterbore 28, the outer end of which is internally threaded to receivean auxiliary inlet plug 30 which formsV an auxiliary inlet for the valvedevice I2 and which is internally threaded to receive one end of theauxiliary supply pipe I8. Formed on the housing 24 is a boss 3| havingan internally threaded bore 32 which communicates through an opening 33with the longitudinal bore 25, and which forms an outlet for the valvedevice I 2, the bore 32 being adapted to threadedly receive one end ofthe piping I3.

Disposed in the longitudinal bore 25 is a tubular liner 34 having aflange 38 at one end thereof which abuts against a shoulder 31 formed atthe inner end of the counterbore 26, the tubular liner being heldrigidly in place by the main inlet plug 21 which is separated therefromby an annular main valve seat member 38. The tubular liner 34 isprovided with a radial opening 39 which registers with the opening 33 toprovide communication between the interior of the liner and the outletpiping I3.

Slidably disposed in the tubular liner 34 and making a, relativelyfluid-tight t therein is a main valve member 4I which is sealed relativeto the-tubular housing 24 by a chevron packing unit 42 disposed in theinner end of the counterbore 28 and clamped therein by the auxiliaryinlet plug 30. The main valve member 4| is tubular in form, beingprovided with an axial bore 43 therethrough which communicates at itsinner end through radial openings 44 with a space 45 between the tubularliner 34 and the inner end of the main valve member which is of reduceddiameter, forming a valve head 41 provided with an annular beveled valveface 48 formed thereon. The outer end of the main valve member 4| isprovided with a threaded counterbore 49 forming a shoulder 58 on whichan annular auxiliary valve seat member I is held by an externallythreaded annular ring 54 which is threaded into the counterbore 49. Thevalve seat member 5I is provided with a conical auxiliary valve seat 55on which a ball valve member 58 is normally` held in seating engagementby a freely movable seating head 51 maintained in pressure engagementwith the ball valve member by a compression spring 58 disposed in theaxial bore 43..V

In the periphery of the main valve member 4I is formed an annular detentgroove 80 which is adapted to receive a ball detent element 8| which isadapted to move through the tubular liner 34 through an opening 62formed therein and through a cylindrical guide opening 53 formed inthetubular housing 24, the ball detent element 8| normally being urgedinwardly by a detent spring 84 held under compression by a screw plug 65threaded into a. threaded detent opening 88 in the tubular housing 24.

In the preferred use of the invention, as described, the parts of thevalve device I2 are normally in the position shown in Fig. 2, in whichfluid pressure is relatively low in the auxiliary inlet formed by theauxiliary inlet plug 38 and fluid pressure in the main inlet formedbythe main inlet plug 21 is relatively high. As will be hydraulic cylinderI4 to actuate the piston I5 therein, thus causing the piston rod I8 ltomove as desired. If the hydraulic system diagrammatically shown in Fig.1 is used in an airplane, as is preferably the case, the piston rod I6may be used to mechanically raise or lower the landing gear of theplane, or for any other mechanical function required. If, due tostructural failure or damage, the pump III fails to operate or the maininlet pipe II develops a leak such that operating uid cannot be conveyedby the pump I0 to the hydraulic cylinder I4, manual actuation of thehand lever 22 of the-hand pump I8 causes the hand pump to supplyoperating fluid under suitable pressure through the auxiliary supplypipe I8 to the valve device I2.

Under these conditions, operating iluid flows from the auxiliary supplypipe I8 through the auxiliary inlet plug 30, thus exerting a force onthe right end of the main valve member 4| tending to move the main valvemember to the letti from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the positionshown in Fig. 3. The compression on the compression spring 58 isrelatively high so that the ball valve member 58 remains seated on theauxiliary valve seat 55 during the movement of the main valve member 4Ifrom the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3.

When the main valve member 4I has moved to the left from the positionshown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig, 3, the beveled valve' face 48 onthe valve head 41 thereof seats on the main valve seat member 38 toclose iluid communication between the main inlet plug 21 and the outletpiping I3. As will be understood, as the main valve member 4I moves tothe left from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3 theball detent element 8| is forced outwardly in the guide opening 63 tocompress the detent spring 84.

As soon as the main valve member 4I seats on the main valve seat member38, fluid pressure from the auxiliary supply pipe |8 is deliveredthrough the annular ring 54 and lthe annular auxiliary valve seat member5I against the ball valve member 58, moving the ball valve member offthe auxiliary valve seat 55 against the action of the compression spring58, to the position shown in Fig. 4. Operating uid can then ilow fromthe auxiliary supply pipe I8 through the axial bore 43 and the radialopenings 44 in to the space 45, from whence it flows into the outletpiping I3 and is delivered to the hydraulic cylinder I4 to operate thepiston I5 therein. It will thus be appreciatedthat my valve device I2provides a means whereby an auxiliary source of fluid under pressure maybe cut into a pressure supply line, preferably upon the failure of themain source of pressure fluid, so that the device to be operated by thepressure fluid may none the less be operated as desird.

It is also to be noted that as soon as operati'ng 38 under the action ofthe relatively high fluid pressure in the main inlet plug 21. In thisposition, the ball detent element 8| is moved inwardly by the detentspring 84 into the detent groove 60 so as to retain the main valvemember .in thisV position and prevent it from moving therefrom. In thisopen position of the main fluid under pressure is again deliveredthrough the main inlet pipe II to the valve device I2, if the pressurethereof isrhigher than that developed by the hand pump I9, it will exerta force on the left end of the valve head 41 tending to move the mainvalve member 4| from the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig.2. When this occurs, normal operation of the valve device will beresumed, in which operating fluid will be supplied from the main inletpipe II throlusgh the valve device I2 to the outlet piping Theparticular design and cooperation of the asiacee plicity of assembly,installation, and repair of the valve device. In this connection, itWill be noted that all of the insertable stationary parts of the valvedevice I2, such as the tubular liner 34 and the chevron packing unit 42,are rigidly clamped in place yet are readily removable from orinsertable into the tubular housing 24. Similarly, the main valve membermay be readily removed from the valve device by unscrewing the auxiliaryinlet plug 30, which permits removal of the main valve member and theauxiliary valve means comprised of the ball valve member 56 and itsassociated parts. Also, by unscrewing the screw plug 65, the ball detentelement 6I and its associated parts may be readily removed forreplacement or repair.

Although I have shown and described a preferred embodiment and use of myinvention, it will be understood that I do not intend to be limitedthereby, as certain parts and elements thereof may readily be replacedby others having the same function and method of operation, andtherefore I desire to be afforded the full scope of the followingclaims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a valve device, the combination of: a housing having alongitudinal bore therein and having an outletI at one'side thereofcommunicating with said bore; a sleeve in said bore and having a portregistering with said outlet; an annular valve seat member `abuttingagainst one end of said sleeve; a first closure member closing one endof said bore and abutting against said valve seat member, said closuremember having a main inlet adapted to be connected to a main source offluid under pressure; an annular packing member in said bore andabutting against the other end of 'said sleeve, the internal diameter ofsaid packing member being substantially the same as the internaldiameter of said sleeve; a second closure member closing the other endof said bore and abutting against said packing member, said secondclosure member having an auxiliary inlet adapted to be4 con' nected toan auxiliary source of fluid under pressure; and a piston member axiallymovable in Asaid bore and having a valve head adapted to seat on saidannular valve seat to close fluid communication therethrough, saidpiston member also having a spring-held check valve a`dapt ed to permita iiow of uid from said auxiliary inlet to said outlet but'preventin'g areverse ow.

-2; In a valve device, the combination of a housing having longitudinalbore therein and having an outlet at one side thereof communieating withsaid bore; a sleeve in said bore and having a port registering with saidoutlet; an annular valve seat member abutting against one end o f saidsleeve; a xst closurle. member closing one end of said bore and abuttingagainst said valve seat member, said closure member having a main inletadapted to be connected to a main source ofiluid under pressure; anannular packing-member in said bore and abut- -ting against the otherend of said sleeve, the

internal diameter oi said packing member being substantially the same asthe internal diameter of said sleeve; a second closure member closingthe other end of said bore and abutting against said packing member.said second closure member having an auxiliary inlet adapted tobe con- Ynected to an auxiliary source of fluid under pressure; a piston memberaxially movable in said |bore and having a valve head adapted to seat

